Innovation Planning and Design Process

Difference Between Leadership Theory And Leadership Style - Sample

Questions: 1. what is the contrast among authority and the board? 2. what is the distinction between authority hypothesis and administration style? 3. What are the progressions made in authority style because of the developing position of authority? 4. What are the difficulties a pioneer needs to confront today in social insurance framework? 5. What are the administration models rehearsed in nursing? 6. What is the nursing hypotheses impact in a position of authority? 7. What are the significant qualities that an attendant chief ought to imitate and how does authority scholar effect on nursing? 8. How does security, quality and qualities sway the nursing chief job? Answers: 1. what is the contrast among authority and the board? Pioneer: Nurse specialist is an individual who persuades and impacts the group to accomplish the objectives and crucial their association in a best and proficient way. Initiative can be formal or casual to the social insurance association. An attendant is supposed to be a successful pioneer in view of designating the assets and smoothing out the workforce. The obligations that are related with the medical attendant pioneer is structuring the strategy and actualizing it as another approach or technique, testing the wellbeing arrangements, which are forced by the administration or the organization authority, and so on. (Mensik, 2015). Medical attendant Management is associated with the field of nursing which manages the patients. The job of the medical caretaker chief is to complete the work or duties given inside the timetables recommended by taking the assistance of money related and individual assets, which is designated so as to meet the targets and objectives of the association. The attendant supervisor has the intensity of settling on a fantastic choice that will be executed for the prosperity of the association. A successful administration program is required to encourage the emergency clinics, private and clinical offices those utilization the medical attendant administrations ('Preparing for initiative', 2014). 2. what is the distinction between initiative hypothesis and authority style? Pioneers: Nurse Leaders spur the group by applying some administration hypotheses. These speculations center around the pioneer adherents just as the logical idea of the administration. There are different sorts of speculations that utilized by the pioneers that incorporate talented based hypothesis; transformational hypothesis, value-based hypothesis and behaviorist hypothesis, and so forth authority style, and administration hypothesis are applicable to one another. Initiative style is a piece of the behaviorist hypothesis that is demonstrated on a pioneers conduct. There are numerous sorts of administration style, which are utilized by the medical attendants. Among them, worker initiative is one of the most mainstream authority styles (Spitzer, 2015). In this style, the hireling chief ensures that the requirements of the individuals associated with the group are satisfied or not. This administration includes the choice of the part associated with the group that depend on the qualities and thoughts of the association. Transformational authority is another kind of initiative style dependent on the inspiring the colleagues and building associations with a crucial vision. This sort of pioneer has the certainty to rouse other colleagues, to impart vision, regarding different individuals from the group and keeping up reliability to them to cause them to feel significant (WALLIS KENNEDY, 2012). Popularity based initiative: This kind of administration empowers performing open correspondence and interest of the colleagues in dynamic. The individuals engaged with this sort are given responsibility, duty and criticism relying upon their presentation (Levesque, 2012). The pioneer of this sort offers critical to the connections that emphasis on the improvement of the nature of the procedure and the framework rather concentrating on the errors done by the individuals from the group. Dictatorial administration: In this authority style the pioneer doesn't include the recommendation or choice of the colleagues. Information is treated as the force, and basic data are evaded from the group (Cummings, 2011). This kind of initiative doesn't endure the mix-up of different individuals instead of the personnel makes it. Be that as it may, there is a positive side of this administration style that it works in the crises where there is no time for any conversation. Free enterprise initiative: In this style the pioneer doesn't settle on any choice and doesn't give guidance however adopts a hands-off strategy. This sort is regularly utilized by the new pioneer or the individuals who are toward the finish of their vocation ('80/20 Projects: Introduction', 2012). 3. What are the progressions made in administration style because of the developing position of authority? Pioneer: Many changes are made inside the initiative styles to accomplish results that are increasingly successful. The progressions that have been made are the change from the legitimate style to participative style. The new style has remembered the investment of other colleagues for settling on a choice that was excluded from the definitive style. One of the most significant changes that have made is the capacity to deal with the needs and the desire for the representatives, network, providers, and so on. 4. What are the difficulties a pioneer needs to confront today in medicinal services framework? Pioneer: For making change in the human services frameworks, pioneers need to confront numerous difficulties, which include: Making changes in the worth based models: Leaders put practices of the administration and foundation to help the worth based projects despite the fact that the suppliers have cash for the administration income. In any case, numerous providers are worried that might be the expense of the structure and the upkeep of the association are not upheld by the income cash (Keselman, 2012). Responding adequately to the financial advancement of the nearby markets: The association of the wellbeing is which is moving to the worth based projects they should relate or know the cutoff points and the real factors of the monetary condition of the market. It ought to likewise fight the techniques of the businesses for the reasoning of the medicinal services cost and focusing available player and the training related with the doctor. Developing and securing the piece of the overall industry: Growing the portion of the market is a worry of the considerable number of organizations to have a serious edge on the contenders. Creating a high portion of income is required and to accomplish the high situation in the market. The administrators are driven towards taking a gander at the various associations with different associations or some other organizations. Advancement of substitute benefit winning sources: For offering appropriate demonstrative types of assistance to the enduring individuals, a higher save of money is important. The diminishing measure of income of these clinical focuses is inspired by the administrations in regards to the advancement of clinical administrations and patient consideration administrations (Bender, Connelly, Glaser Brown, 2012). The consideration of operational costs: one of the significant worries of these social insurance specialist organizations is with respect to the expanding cost of the administrations gave. The laborers are constantly worried towards decreasing the expense of the activities. The various techniques applied to control these expenses are through the procedure of least usage of assets and following normalization strategies. Indeed, even the monetarily solid clinical focuses are selecting to limit the expense of running the middle. 5. What are the authority models rehearsed in nursing? Pioneer: Leadership models rehearsed in nursing are of two kinds that incorporate Group Practice Model and Professional Practice Model. The model of rehearsing with the gathering is about the training bolstered by the standards and dreams. Here, the consideration is completely given to the influenced individuals without ending the administration of care. Here, the consideration laborers attempt to make a solid and cordial connection between the patients and the consideration laborers. Relationship-based consideration, a consideration administration that contain three fundamental components of care of the relatives, thinking about the enduring individuals, focussing on the improvement of the connection between the patients and their families (Finkelman Kenner, 2007). 6. What is the nursing speculations impact in a position of authority? Pioneer: The administration speculations impact the nursing in an extraordinary way. Medical caretakers utilized these hypotheses to control the encompassing of the earth to improve the results of the patients. It likewise gives the proper consideration that is required for the advancement of the patient. There are four significant speculations that are engaged with nursing they are as per the following: Great hypotheses: These speculations are unpredictable and wide. They can't distinguish the species those are required for training usage. To apply this hypothesis, explicit research is expected to get the proper mediations. Center speculations: These hypotheses are the most intelligent and explicit of a real act of nursing. They underscore on the particular subject in nursing like the finish of life. Execution of this hypothesis can impart to different regions of the nursing practice. Unmistakable speculations: this hypothesis portrays or gives a clarification about the episode that happens and the outcomes related with it. They can be applied straightforwardly in quiet evaluation however don't have an immediate mediation of explicit nursing (Bender, Connelly, Glaser Brown, 2012). Prescriptive speculations: These hypotheses relate straightforwardly to the intercessions of explicit nursing and depict the wonder. This hypothesis is executed in investigate setting and is utilized to watch the intercession legitimacy as it is activity situated. There are some other initiative hypotheses utilized in affecting nursing that incorporates ecological control hypothesis, nurture understanding relationship, self-care shortfall hypothesis, culture care hypothesis and framework model hypothesis. 7. What are the significant qualities that a medical caretaker pioneer ought to copy and how does administration scholar effect on nursing? Pioneer: The nursing scholar greatly affects creating and impacting the training,

How Your Eyes May Be a Marker for Bipolar Disorder

How Your Eyes May Be a Marker for Bipolar Disorder Bipolar Disorder Diagnosis Print How Your Eyes May Be a Marker for Bipolar Disorder By Marcia Purse Marcia Purse is a mental health writer and bipolar disorder advocate who brings strong research skills and personal experiences to her writing. Learn about our editorial policy Marcia Purse Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on July 19, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on September 19, 2019 Bipolar Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Your Rights ADAM GAULT / SPL / Getty Images According to a study in  Biological Psychiatry,  a specialized eye exam may help determine whether a child is at a higher than normal risk of developing a psychiatric disorder like bipolar disorder or schizophrenia.?? Eye Exam as a Predictor of Risk for Bipolar Disorder In this small study, a test called an electroretinography (ERG) was used to examine  the  retina and how well it functions.?? The retina is part of the central nervous system and  is located at the back of the eye. It contains two types of light sensory: rods and cones. Rods see black and white and are important for sight in low light conditions and for peripheral vision. Cones, on the other hand, see color. Electroretinography provides a measurement of the rods and cones in the retina.   Although researchers already knew that retinal abnormalities  were detected in people diagnosed with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia,?? the effects of the illness and the medication used to treat it made those findings not usable for research purposes.   This is why, in this study, researchers examined the retinas of healthy young adults (average age was 20) who were at a high genetic risk for developing bipolar disorder or schizophrenia, due to having one parent with either bipolar disorder or schizophrenia.?? The retina exams of these healthy offspring were then compared with a control group whose families did not have a history of those illnesses. Results revealed that in the high genetic risk group, the ability of light to activate the rods was significantly reduced, as compared to the control group. This result remained significant even when the investigators of the study controlled for age, gender, and the season of testing. There was no difference in the cones responses between the two groups.?? What Do These Results Mean? It suggests that the response of the retinas rods may serve as an early biomarker of risk for developing bipolar disorder or schizophrenia.?? This knowledge may be helpful in future genetic testing and prevention research.   That being said, the authors of the study note that coming up with a precise explanation for why there was a rod function reduction in the high genetic risk offspring is difficult. Based on prior animal studies, they suggest a potential abnormality in the production or receptor sensitivity of certain brain chemicals (called neurotransmitters) like dopamine?? or serotonin. Another theory that may explain this finding is that there is an abnormal developmental process in the brains of children born into a family with a strong history of bipolar disorder or schizophrenia.?? Remember, the retina is part of the brain, connected to it by the optic nerve, so it serves as  a window into the brain.   Finally, you may wonder whether  a diminished response of the rods leads to actual perceptual  problems in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia? Its possible, as people with these psychiatric illnesses may have a slight but significant problem with how they perceive the world.?? This may contribute to their functional impairment.   A Word From Verywell Its important to note that other studies have found ERG anomalies in people with psychiatric disorders like seasonal affective disorder, autism, drug addiction, and major depression disorder.?? This only supports the bigger pictureâ€"that a change in how a retina functions (as measured by ERG) may one day aid in diagnosing a psychiatric illness.   Diagnosing Borderline Personality Disorder

Connecting Gender Roles to Victor Frankensteins Novel - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 839 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/04/22 Category Sociology Essay Level High school Tags: Frankenstein Essay Gender Roles Essay Did you like this example? For a literary piece to disseminate a crucial message, the author must depict cultural or historical circumstances regarding its composition. The reader must connect with the message. That aside, on Frankenstein novel, the First Chapter exhibits symbolism. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Connecting Gender Roles to Victor Frankensteins Novel" essay for you Create order The word monster as of the topic is symbolism in itself. As demonstrated by Kenneth Oppel in his book The dark endeavor, the young girl comes out of the beast. Ironically, she is beautiful. Besides, this follows a long battle between the creature and Victor Frankenstein alongside his brother. Saving the girls life is compared to protecting the whole town. Concerning gender roles, men are known for their protective function. At the same time, women are known for their traditional roles. The author further asserts that women are an emblem of the lost hope. I knew she did not have long to live (Oppel, p. 2). The society must learn to appreciate women. Gender discrimination has no place in modern society. Just like men, women symbolize hope. Now, linking this to the novel, the beautiful girl in the introductory part of the book is the monsters desired bride. Before his death, the beast asked the two brothers to share with him the bride (Oppel, p. 3). In this point of view, it is evident that women are regarded as the property of men. Elizabeth is the mother of the two identical twins, Victor Frankenstein and Konrad. However, Konrad has no respect for her mother. He is referring to her as a monster. Just like his brother, Frankenstein fails to respect his mother by ignoring her calls (Oppel. 5). Also, this projects a shocking image regarding the role of women at that time. Elizabeth as a mother symbolizes a unifying factor. And then it truly was a game, and from that moment the three of us were inseparable. (Oppel, p. 11). Caroline is another female character portraying the role of women during that time. Immediately after the demise of her father, she has no hope of living. Characters like Wilhelm Frankenstein boast of riches. By all accounts, he was a brilliant man, and a very wealthy one (Oppel, p. 22). Caroline opts to get married to Alphonse Frankenstein as a second wife. Meanwhile, Elizabeth Lavenza as an orphan demonstrates that women stand a chance in a male-dominated society. Since childhood, she is not letting her cousin, Victor Frankenstein to look down on her. Also, she is an epitome for intelligence, something that is linked to men. Thank you, Elizabeth that was a good idea (Oppel, p. 18). As a female author, Mary Shelley is supposed to act as women rights campaigner. However, from her tone, stereotyping as a vice seems to be prevailing. For instance, when describing Carolines state after the death of her father, she uses sympathetic words. She is using simile in her descriptions. It is fundamental to mention that a metaphor constitutes an integral stylistic device in a literary work. He came like a protecting spirit to the poor girl (Shelley, p. 13). As much as death brings sorrow, there is no need to cling on to the clutches of memories. Life must go on. Until today, it is evident that most fathers play a protective role, but this should be during their living moments. By such a narration, Shelley is implying that Caroline has no hope emanating from her fathers death. Moreover, from the critique above, Shelley is describing women as caring creatures. Caroline is caring for her sick father up to the point of his death. As an orphan, Shelleys description regarding Elizabeth Lavenza is insensitive. While on the trip to Milan, Elizabeth grew up with his foster parents. Shelley is mocking the whole situation, an action implying inhumane nature. Orphans should be subjected to care. Subjecting them to hard labor tend to disregard their identity. She continued with her foster parents and bloomed in their rude abode By such a sentiment, Shelley seems to be justifying the crude behavior of Elizabeths foster parents. When my dearest aunt died, everyone was too busy to notice poor Justine. Justine is a young girl who is a servant. Frankensteins aunt adored her to the extent of schooling her. However, her death is occasioned with challenges posed in Justines life. Here, Shelley is using a direct account to describe a personal experience. She is straightforward in her narrations. Against all the odds, during the illness of Frankensteins illness, Justine took the initiative to attend to her. Now that she is dead, her pillar of hope is gone. Nobody admires associating with her. It is crucial for gender equity to be embraced. Above all, members of a society should learn to love and care for one another. Efficiency in personality development is attained through the virtue love and caring. In her literary work, Shelley should have come up with concrete recommendations regarding the promotion of gender equity. Also, she should have effectively spread the message of love. Works Cited Shelley, Mary Wollstonecraft, et al. Frankenstein. Molino, 1966. Oppel, Kenneth. This dark endeavor: the apprenticeship of Victor Frankenstein. Simon and Schuster, 2012

U.s. Passport And Visa Database - 1691 Words

Introduction In July 24, 2014, one crazy thing happened, especially affected all U.S. travelling people. The U.S. passport and visa database crashed! The database is used to record, approve and print visas and other related documents for global people who plan to go U.S. for travelling. All international students in U.S. should apply and receive the visa before they come to U.S. More than 50,000 applicants had to delay their travelling (Press, 2014). Today ‘Big data’ is more popular than before, the performance of a database is becoming extremely important, including family life, school studying, office work and all business. Providing reliable and faster database services is the goal of organizations including any business, schools, and†¦show more content†¦Hardware To improve and better system performance, high quality hardware is extremely important. In a database system, hardware includes many parts, such as CPU processing power, available primary memory (RAM), hard disk, and network about high-speed connection (Coronel and Morris, 2015). For CPU basic requirement, normally it should have dual-core CPU or higher to increase the database performance as fast as possible. The larger RAM is, the computer will run faster. Hard disk is essential to the fast speed for a database environment. Finally, without a high speed network connection, high database performance cannot be guaranteed. Today, switches are much faster than hubs. Using switches instead of hubs can improve the network effectivity and efficiency. A reliable and high speed network can improve the database performance and reduce response time. However, in a real world, unlimited hardware support is impossible. Company normally purchase the maximized possible based on the budget cost. Software The other important element is software for a database performance. Software includes operating system, network for best throughput and application software (Coronel and Morris, 2015). . Today, 64-bit OS is a better choice for operation system selection. It normally can perform a better system performance than 32-bit OS system; also it has a better server application performance than others. For

Roles of Organizational Justice Leadership Style †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Roles of Organizational Justice Leadership Style. Answer: Introduction: The idea of the learning culture has been developed to provide the framework that is needed in assisting the labor and the workers within a community in the development of the skills that are required in each respective industry. This can also help in the development of knowledge and practical work experiencing ideas to meet up with the respective demands. According to Dixon (2017), the ideas and theories related to the concepts of learning development and culture can help an individual employee to generate habits that are needed for to overcome challenges at respective workplace. This is mainly achieved by mentoring the employees in their path of career development. The current study will analyze the concepts and theories related to that of the learning culture and development that are needed to promote the cultural value. The existing literature about the relevant topics will be discussed. This can help to identify the purpose of the same in the context of the modern day social environment. It is important to consider the matters of human resource development that play an essential role in the development of learning styles and culture that are needed according to the needs of the organization. Hence, the HRD are responsible for the implementing all major learning culture practice and ensure the best level of performance category. There is wide range of contemporary theories in Human Resource Development practice which is mainly implemented due to its interdisciplinary nature. The elements of human resource development undergo wide range of changes, which is in accordance to the cultural diversity. According to Bolden (2016), theory and concepts related to learning culture in organizations aims to overcome the challenges related to the multiculturalism. The issues of change management are also dealt with the issues of change management. This is highly essential for effective HRD policies that are needed for the improvement of the change management. A common example of this is the regular training and learning programs provided by the company Tesco to its employees in a bid to equip them with the necessary skills which are likely to help them perform in a much better manner. This is one of major issues that are related with the hectic lifestyles that are associated with the change management program. The measurement scale in HRD can help to monitor the performance level of the workers within an organization. Sung and Choi (2014), have added that performance improvement plan is one of the major elements in the contemporary human resource development practice. This can help every employee to deal with the challenge of drivers nature work force and multidisciplinary skills. The learning styles that are implemented within an organization depend upon the skills and discipline that are needed for each case. The learning skills of the employees within the organization need to be in accordance with that of the organizational culture. This will ensure that most of the important human resource policies are in accordance with the mission and vision of the organization. Few of the essential features that are included in all general training and skill development program needs to include the element of time management program. This is considered to be the most important and essential within t he given context of dealing with the smart objectives. As per mentioned by Dhar (2015), it is essential to link up all the business objectives with that of the skill training exercises. The employees need to see themselves as an essential part of respective organization. It is a reflection of this particular feature that the employees of the company Starbucks are treated as shareholders of the company and not as individual workers or the employees of the company. Meyers and van Woerkom (2014), have added that the theories within the HRD practice have been integrated with the elements of Sociology. It is also important to consider their practical theories of economic development which also need to be aligned with HRD practices. The education management program needs to be included as a major part of organizational training. This will help to ensure that all the employees get latest information related to management changes. Tung (2016), has mentioned about performance improvement theory that priorities the level of human competence. This is required in ensuring the worthy the performance level of every individual. The competence level of the human is considered to be inversely proportional to the performance level of the organization. The deficiency in the performance level needs to be identified in order to ensure high level of accomplishment in respect to organizational performance. Sheehan (2014), has identified 6 factors that are responsible for enhancing individual performance as a part of part of the learning cultural plans. Incentives and awards are the major motivating factors, which can help every individual to take extra initiative in accomplishing organizational tasks. Proper data need to be provided to every employee. This will help to ensure that standard of performance is being maintained within the workplace. Proper resources utilization can also act environmental tool to support requirement of the employees. Individual capacity need to be measured and evaluated in order to understand the value of their potential. Motivation level needs to be set according to individual Expectations and performance capability. The knowledge enhancement is needed to improve upon the existing skills. Learning skill development practice for competitive advantage Human Resource Department of an organization plays significant role in determining the level of competitive advantage in the context of the existing market environment. According to Strom et al., (2014), overall organizational performance highly depends upon the training practices and skill development program that are incorporated. One of the additional challenges in the given context is maintaining high level of organizational motivation that can help in the process of developing the existing skills of the employees. With the help of advanced level of human resource development practice, it is possible to incorporate multi disciplinary skills that are needed in the fast changing business environment of the modern days. The leadership in the Human Resource Department plays an essential role in evaluating and nurturing the Talent that are present within an organization. With the help of proper recruitment strategies, it is possible for the human resource department to ensure that there are essential steps being followed with the selection round. With the effective recruitment strategies, it is possible to properly make use of all resources that are needed for higher levels of management planning. The quality of the recruitment strategy will decide upon the Talent that can be incorporated within the workplace of an organization. It is a reflection of this particular strategy that the company Microsoft every year recruits a large number of employees from the various colleges as well as universities of the world. According to Albrecht et al., (2015), is essential to ensure that the organizational goal needs to be synced up with the adopting policies that are implemented in the Human Resource Department that will help to make proper learning skills and developmental theories needed for human resource optimization. Proper monitoring tool needs to be implemented in order to ensure that all the employees are properly evaluated based upon their performance level. The main focus is to highlight upon the new form of challenges that can promote the organizational view point. Identifying new growth opportunity is highly essential in gaining extra competitive advantage, in the context of the modern day business environment. Higher levels of growth can be generated that is needed for effective implementation of competitive advantage policy. The practice of higher impact learning culture is essential to maintain healthy practice within the workplace and generate greater level of competence. The development of positive skills and high end learning culture are needed for implementing effective and sustainable competitive strategies (Strom et al., 2014). The talent management program can also be included as a part of the capacitive learning program. The organizational learning culture can be nurtured by quality and effective forms of leadership program. According to Albrecht et al. (2015), is essential to ensure that the organizational goal needs to be synced up with the adopting policies that are implemented in the Human Resource Department. This has to be in par with the learning objectives with the organization. Alongside the same, it is essential to implement the proper monitoring techniques that will help to ensure proper employee benefits plan that are necessary for the organizational performance. The main focus is to highlight upon the new form of challenges that can promote the organizational view point. Identifying new growth opportunity is highly essential in gaining extra competitive advantage, in the context of the modern day business environment. It is here that the process of globalization adopted by the various companies of the world like PepsiCo, Starbucks and others become significant. It is therefore essential to connect the HR practice along with competitive advantage policies. This ultimately helps to generate high end skills with the organization; alongside innovative learning skills are also generated that are required for the implementing effective competitive advantage policies. The HRD of an organization need to properly analyze the existing business environment and marketing policies and this is needed for maintaining sustainability within the existing workforce. Conclusion In the concluding note it can be said that future research work related the practice of HRD needs to focus on advanced levels of learning culture that needed for effective skills development program for the future. The policies also need to be synced up with the competitive advantage element that is highly essential in the context of the modern day business environment. The major features of the current cultural learning skill help to focus upon the time and resource management planning. Reference Albrecht, S.L., Bakker, A.B., Gruman, J.A., Macey, W.H. and Saks, A.M., 2015. Employee engagement, human resource management practices and competitive advantage: An integrated approach. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 2(1), pp.7-35. Bolden, R., 2016. Leadership, management and organisational development. In Gower handbook of leadership and management development (pp. 143-158). Routledge. Dhar, R.L., 2015. Service quality and the training of employees: The mediating role of organizational commitment. Tourism Management, 46, pp.419-430. Dixon, N.M., 2017. The organizational learning cycle: How we can learn collectively. Routledge. Meyers, M.C. and van Woerkom, M., 2014. The influence of underlying philosophies on talent management: Theory, implications for practice, and research agenda. Journal of World Business, 49(2), pp.192-203. Sheehan, M., 2014. Human resource management and performance: Evidence from small and medium-sized firms. International Small Business Journal, 32(5), pp.545-570. Shuck, B., Twyford, D., Reio, T.G. and Shuck, A., 2014. Human resource development practices and employee engagement: Examining the connection with employee turnover intentions. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 25(2), pp.239-270. Strom, D.L., Sears, K.L. and Kelly, K.M., 2014. Work engagement: The roles of organizational justice and leadership style in predicting engagement among employees. Journal of Leadership Organizational Studies, 21(1), pp.71-82. Sung, S.Y. and Choi, J.N., 2014. Do organizations spend wisely on employees? Effects of training and development investments on learning and innovation in organizations. Journal of organizational behavior, 35(3), pp.393-412. Tung, R.L., 2016. New perspectives on human resource management in a global context. Journal of World Business, 51(1), pp.142-152. Wilton, N., 2016. An introduction to human resource management. Sage.

Ultimate Guide to Write a Perfect Annotated Bibliography

Do you know nothing about the annotated bibliography? Do you have no idea at all what are its requirements and basic structure? Do you want to know how to write an annotated bibliography? Dive in and learn how to craft a perfect annotated bibliography. Quick Links 1. What is an Annotated Bibliography? 1.1 Abstract Vs. Annotation 2. Purpose of Annotated Bibliography 3. Types of Annotated Bibliographies 3.1 Example of an Informative or Descriptive Bibliography 3.2 Example of Critical or Analytical Bibliography 4. How to Write an Annotated Bibliography? 4.1 Pick the Sources 4.2 Review the Elements 4.3 Write the Citation 4.4 Write the Annotation 5. Annotated Bibliography Format 6. MLA Annotated Bibliography Example 7. Annotated Bibliography Example APA 8. Chicago Style Annotated Bibliography 9. Significance of Research in Annotated Bibliography 9.1 Get Professional Help 1. What is an Annotated Bibliography? First things first. You need to know what is an annotated bibliography. It is a list of citations to documents, articles, and books. Every citation is followed by a descriptive and brief paragraph, the annotation (comprising 150-200 words). Annotated bibliography is an organized list of sources. The basic purpose is to offer sufficient information to keep the reader interested in the original work. In simple terms, it describes whether the topic is useful or not and if yes, then why? Never confuse an annotation as a brief summary of a book, an article, or other web sources. It must be kept as simple as you can. 1.1 Abstract Vs. Annotation An abstract is a purely descriptive summary found at the beginning of a book. You can also find in a scholarly journal articles, web source or in periodic indexes. Annotations are also descriptive, but they are critical too. Also, they include; the description of the authority, the author's point of view and clarity of expression. 2. Purpose of Annotated Bibliography It does not have a single purpose. You need to explore the following points to develop an understanding. Offers a literature review on a particular topic Helps to make a thesis on subjects Provides examples of various sources of information Highlights the items that keep other researchers interested Reflects the research performed on a specific topic Students need to be careful about including all these points in their annotated bibliography, in order to earn a perfect grade. If you miss any point, you will not be able to depict a complete understanding of the source. This is a major requirement in this case. 3. Types of Annotated Bibliography There are two primary types: Informative or descriptive Critical or analytical 3.1 Example of An Informative or Descriptive Bibliography The conclusion and the main arguments of the author are discussed in the informative type. It can be considered as an abstract. Also, it highlights why the source is important for researching a particular question or topic. Here is an example of an annotated bibliography: For Example: Breeding evil. (2006, September 8). The Times, 375(8496), Retrieved from www.thetimes.com The editorial from the Times highlights the controversy of video games and the impact they have on the people and users. The author describes the skepticism of the mass media, which has gone back to the pastimes of the ancient Greeks. The significance of the article is extraordinary in exploring the controversial dimensions surrounding video games from a wide standpoint. It is published to target the general audience. 3.2 Example of Critical or Analytical Bibliography A critical or analytical annotation serves various purposes. It not only summarizes the piece, but it also analyzes the material. The strength of the article is examined. Besides, the weakness is also mentioned to express the key flaws in the conclusion presented by the author. Majorly, critical, or analytical bibliographies are used in a research paper or project. It is necessary to understand the art of making a critical analysis of the material. For Example: Breeding evil. (2006, September 8). The Times, 375(8496), Retrieved from www.thetimes.com The editorial from the Times discusses the controversial debate of video games and their effect on the people. The article indicates that a wide range of gaming critics are over 4, and it is the issue of age. Games cannot be blamed under any circumstances. While the article briefly summarizes studies conducted in the dimensions of gaming and violence, it never analyzes the in-depth aspects. The article is not enough to reflect both sides of the story. If the researchers want to make a critical analysis, other research must be studied that has been conducted in the field. The bottom line is that the author says opposition of video games is generally because of the generation gap. Remember, the example is specifically related to critical or analytical bibliography. Pay keen attention to the last sentence of the passage. The research of the author is criticized here. 4. How to Write an Annotated Bibliography? Now you are all set to write your own piece of the annotated bibliography. Read the following guidelines to learn how to write an annotated bibliography. Trust me; you won't regret it. 4.1 Pick the Sources Before you write an annotated bibliography, it is a must to choose the credible sources. Here is where research skills come in handy. Identify records to the material which may be utilized in your topic. You must choose scholarly articles which are older no more than the last 5 years. 4.2 Review the elements After choosing the sources, review the elements. Always choose the items which offer a wide range of perspectives on the topic. Article abstracts are the key to this process.4.3 Write the Citation First, write a complete citation and then follow it with the annotation. Citation should be the entry of your annotated bibliography. So, write the citation on the top. Follow the correct format of the respective citation i.e. apa mla, harvard, chicago or any other . Moreover, you do not need to add a separate reference list, references or works cited page. Just add in-text citations in your annotated bibliography. 4.4 Write the Annotation Right after the citation, create an annotation. Remember! The ideal and informative annotated bibliography consists of 150-200 words. The following items are part of creating an annotated bibliography: The aim of the work A summary of the content The audience targeted by the author Relevance to the primary topic Any unique or special features relevant to the material The weaknesses, biases, or strength in the material. Annotated Bibliographies can be arranged in order or alphabetically. Know that the preference of the instructor is what you need to consider. 5. Annotated Bibliography Format Do you want to know how to do an annotated bibliography? The instructor, in most cases, directs to use the specific type of annotated bibliography. Yes, there are different types. Follow the guidelines carefully if you are asked to submit an essay with bibliography at the end. Always keep an eye out to set your annotated bibliography format right. Here are some common formats which your teacher will probably prefer to include in your instructions. MLA Style APA Style Chicago Style If you want to get complete knowledge of these formats, learn more by reviewing these annotated bibliography examples. Remember, the following two features remain the same in each type of annotated bibliography: Author's name must be on the left. The remaining text must be indented. 6. MLA Annotated Bibliography Example It takes practice and seasoned guidance to master annotated bibliographies With different formats, it becomes further difficult to produce powerful annotated bibliographies. Read the following mla annotated bibliography example to have an understanding of the MLA formatted annotated bibliographies. Lammot, Anne.Bird by Bird: Some Instructions on Life and Writing. Anchor Books, 1995. The most productive thing about Lamott's work is the reflection into the life of the writer. With victories and success, the doubts and failures of the writer are also discussed. The anecdotal mode of writing and giving several examples from personal writing career further guides the novice writers to excel. For the new writers, it is a powerful guide to become a pro writer. The writing style, educational and lightweight, has proven to be easily understood by students. The above example of mla annotated bibliography beams light on most appropriate way of writing annotated bibliography mla. Summarizing, viewing, and evaluation of the work are the three types expressed in above mla format sample. 7. Annotated Bibliography Example APA Ehrenreich, B., (2002).Nickel and Dimed: On (not) getting by in America. New York: Henry The book by Ehrenreich reflects a nonfiction piece which includes her research. The goal of the research was simple. She examined if it was possible to live on minimum wages in the United States of America (USA). To prove the point, Ehrenreich highlighted the experiences as a maid working for cleaning services and a Walmart sales employee. She acknowledges that her research has generated results, but the possibilities are limited. Nevertheless, the book offers a potential image of the rising cost of living in America and is based on seasoned research. The above annotated bibliography example apa includes texts in apa format. It is an example of apa annotated bibliography. In the first half, the book is summarized. The second half assesses the work and research of the author. This is how annotated bibliography apa is done. 8. Chicago Style Annotated Bibliography Davidson, Hilda Ellis.Role of the Northern Goddess. London: Routledge, 1999. Davidson's work is intended at presenting the diverse roles of the Northern European pagan goddesses in daily life. The diverse roles discussed by the author are hunting, agriculture, and several household arts. A single paragraph is enough in the chicago style annotated bibliography example. Read again, and you will notice that it is a detailed summary of the book and methods used by the author. Annotated Bibliography Sample If you have any difficulty understanding the concept, here is the sample annotated bibliography. It comprises all the necessary examples and everything important regarding annotated bibliography. Annotated Bibliography Sample (PDF) 9. Significance of Research in Annotated Bibliography Perform extensive research if you are analyzing the work of a credible author or source. As research is what differentiates quality and ordinary annotated bibliography. You simply cannot ignore the significance of research in annotated bibliography. 9.1 Get Professional Help Do you still think writing an annotated bibliography is a hard nut to crack? We can understand as it is not everyone's cup of tea to craft a perfect bibliography. Worry not! We've got you covered. Allow the experienced professionals at 5StarEssays to handle the trouble of writing critical annotated bibliographies. You can satisfy yourself by asking them for their sample annotations as well. To cut the line short, annotated bibliography often proves to be a headache for the students. Do not be one of them. The writers never compromise on quality. Gear up to reach the proficient writers and resolve the mystery of annotated bibliographies.